What is wildlife?
Nature is the whole world around us, pleasing to the eye living and inanimate objects. Mankind has made many discoveries related to natural phenomena. Conditional separation shows that there is animate and inanimate nature.
Wildlife combines all the objects of the planet that develop, breathe, grow. It includes plants, animals and people, numerous microorganisms living around. Wildlife brings bright colors to the world, making it more interesting and mysterious. It unites all living objects of different species, genera and ecosystems inherent in a certain territory at a certain time and conditions.
Wildlife objects
The variety of wildlife can not be described in simple words, its objects include:
- of people;
- animals of all species (including birds and fish);
- plants;
- bacteria and algae;
- germs and parasites.
A life
The main property of all living organisms can be considered the presence of life. There is no exact definition of this term, but life can be represented as a combination of such natural processes that occur in any organism, such as: metabolism, growth, instincts and reactions to nature around.
The variety of living organisms on the planet is amazing. Each species now exists only because it underwent natural selection in the process of evolution, was able to survive and adapt to aggressive environmental conditions. The history of the Earth shows that there were many cataclysms leading to the extinction of entire species, for example, dinosaurs. At the same time, not all reptiles became extinct - many have adapted and changed.
Life can be found in every corner of the planet, but the greatest interest is humanity. People have learned to think, they have their own consciousness, but still no one can say with 100% certainty that he knows everything about his body. The human body is a separate topic for study. Such a complex system requires thorough study, which is what millions of scientists around the world are doing.
A person can think, which means that he is rightfully considered the crown of evolution. Thanks to consciousness, humanity dominates the planet, while meeting identical people is impossible in principle. Each has their own particular tastes in music, art, fashion, some spend all their free time reading books, and someone goes to clubs and does not see the point in education.
Thanks to common interests, a person makes friends, creates families, communities. Many races and nationalities are not obstacles, every society can be replenished with new people at any time, which also distinguishes people from the rest of the living world.
Microorganisms
The first living creatures on the planet can rightfully be considered microorganisms. They originated long before the advent of mankind and even animals. This is the most long-lived life form.
Microorganisms originated millions of years BC, however, having traveled such a long way, they are still the most common forms of life. They can be found in every ecosystem. Microorganisms are microscopic unicellular creatures that are present everywhere. They cannot be seen with the naked eye, and a microscope is used to study them. Among a wide variety of bacteria, fungi and viruses.
The survival of microorganisms is simply colossal - they do not care about almost all environmental conditions. You can find these creatures in hard rocks. The main feature of microorganisms is intensive reproduction under favorable conditions. Gene transfer is carried out horizontally - to spread their influence, they do not need to transfer genetic data to descendants.
Development is due to other living things.A similar factor is crucial in any habitat. Some types of microorganisms survive even in space vacuum conditions.
There are dangerous, beneficial microorganisms. Thanks to the second, life develops on the planet, but the harmful ones only worsen the situation, destroying everything around. Sometimes harmful microorganisms are beneficial - some viruses can cure serious diseases of people.
Vegetable world
There are many plants. Nowadays, it is popular to create parks around the world where various kinds of plants gather. In many ways, life on the planet depends on them - they produce oxygen, prevent soil erosion, and are the place of residence for representatives of the micro and macro world. The absorption of carbon dioxide is one of the important features of the plant world.
Plants are multicellular life forms, without which the biosphere cannot be imagined. They are a source of beauty, inspiration, and also bring a lot of benefit to humanity. They can be considered a source of food, many medicines and poisons are made from plants.
There is a conditional division of representatives of the plant world into edible and inedible. A person can eat fruits, vegetables, some types of herbs and algae. Inedible plants - poisonous herbs, shrubs, trees. One and the same plant species may have different properties. For example, tomato shoots contain toxic substances, while people often eat fruits.
Animal world
The variety of wildlife is amazing. All the fauna of our planet belongs to him. The main feature of animals is the ability to move, reproduce, and feed. Animals have respiratory organs.
The process of planet evolution was quite tough, unable to survive quickly died out, some adapted and mutated. Now animals are classified in different ways:
- by habitat;
- by methods of survival;
- according to the methods of nutrition.
In the process of taming animals, there was a division into domestic and wild ones. It is often impossible to tame animals living freely in nature; they are wayward and freedom-loving. Among them there are both herbivorous and predatory organisms.
A wide variety of living organisms that are adapted to their habitats are scattered throughout the planet. So, for example, in Australia you can meet a lot of creatures that can not be found anywhere on the planet.
In glaciers and mountains, animals are most often white, this is a kind of disguise for hunting or for security purposes. In desert and steppe conditions, animals of ocher shades, as color changes, you can identify in which territories one or another species of animals lives.
Man was able to domesticate animals. Those who were previously wild became constant companions of people. A man tamed them for his own purposes: cows, sheep and pigs are needed for milk, skin, meat and wool, but dogs are needed as protection, for hunting. Cats are tamed rather independently, but still remain true friends of people. People need pets - this is food, clothing and entertainment.
Life cycle
Each living creature has its own life cycle, starting from birth, ending with the end of life. Living things need food and air, food and air.
Plants and animals have the opportunity to be born and constantly evolve. A plant can grow from a small seed into a huge tree, and the animal emerges from a tiny embryo in the womb. Years change, life cycles pass one after another. Any creature ultimately dies, it is replaced by a new generation and the cycle repeats endlessly.
Wildlife objects become inanimate over time: the leaves of plants after falling off become representatives of inanimate nature, they are not able to develop or breathe.
What is inanimate nature?
This part of our world is represented only by objects that cannot change independently. They remain in their original state of the millennium. Living and nonliving organisms constantly interact with each other, without this connection, the existence of life is impossible.
The non-living part of the world can be depicted as a symbiosis of elementary chemical compounds. Inanimate nature is an object of research in the exact sciences: chemistry, physics and mathematics.
Lithosphere
Planet Earth itself is considered an inanimate object. However, it is the only planet studied so far on which life exists in the form in which we see it. The planet arose billions of years ago thanks to a fortunate combination of circumstances; its current position in the solar system ensures the comfortable existence of organisms on its territory.
The structure of the earth is not only its outer shell. In the center there is a core filled with hot metal compounds. On top of the core is a molten mantle, its layer is extremely thick, much larger than the soil layer. Evolutionary processes affected not only wildlife, the continents constantly changed their position, mountains and oceans arose.
At present, there are 6 continents, but long before the advent of mankind, the mainland was one. The relief on each part of the planet is different, as well as the climatic conditions. Each zone has its own characteristic features; certain species, peculiar only to it, live on it.
In addition, there is wealth in the depths of the Earth. Minerals greatly facilitate human life, extending its duration and developing cities, countries and settlements.
Hydrosphere
Water occupies most of the earth's surface. It is impossible to underestimate its influence on the formation of life. It was in the aquatic environment for the first time that life was born, which after spread everywhere. Water has a simple chemical formula that includes two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen.
In nature, the simple composition of water can hardly be found, mainly in it many impurities in the form of mineral substances. The water environment includes all rivers, lakes, seas, oceans of the planet. The 4 terrestrial oceans together create a single system washing every continent. Water covers 70% of the entire Earth.
Sea - water bodies flowing into the ocean and surrounded by land around the perimeter. There are lakes that do not go into the oceans, but are still considered seas: the Aral Sea, the Great Salt. They are called so solely because of the size, salt water.
Lakes do not go to the oceans, mostly freshwater. They can be natural, as well as artificial, otherwise called ponds. Ponds have exactly the same characteristics as lakes, but their size is limited. The pond water is stagnant, that is, it does not go anywhere and is often pumped by a person. They bring out the slave and are engaged in fishing.
Streams and rivers can be called arteries of the Earth. High-speed streams fill lakes, wash land. Animals drink water from rivers, plants along the banks are also saturated with moisture. Thanks to trees along rivers, soil erosion is not possible. Rivers differ from simple streams in their size. Large pens are applied to the world map; there are no streams to be found there.
Atmosphere and weather
Thanks to the atmosphere, there is life. The air envelope surrounding the entire surface of the planet makes it possible to develop, multiply to all its inhabitants. The air shell consists of a mixture of various gases: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.
Weather is an atmospheric phenomenon that appears throughout the planet. There are many weather conditions, depending on the type of climate, time zones and location. In some places, constant hurricanes and typhoons are considered everyday things, and in the same Africa they dream of at least a drop of rain. There are even territories where there is eternal cold.
Many methods allow predicting the occurrence of weather phenomena on Earth, weather forecasters determine the place where the cyclone is headed or the wind blows. However, no one can predict all events with 100% probability, basically the nature of the movement of air masses is chaotic and variable. The weather can change dramatically in a matter of seconds and the forecast will be incorrect. In the middle zone of the globe, the climate is mostly arid, but closer to the equator, on the contrary, there are constant long rains.
Inanimate objects
It is difficult to describe in words the diversity of the inanimate world. It can be attributed to:
- mountains and rocks;
- water objects;
- soil;
- stars and planets;
- air and wind;
- trace elements, chemicals.
Transformation may occur gradually, living objects die and become trace elements.
The appearance of inanimate nature
Inanimate nature appeared first. Permanent cataclysms, volcanic eruptions and lack of water are the past of the young Earth. Water gradually formed, and after it, life appeared. Mountains became soils, the heat of the sun allowed the first microorganisms to develop and multiply, constantly evolving.
Properties of inanimate nature
The emergence of inanimate nature served as an impetus for the development of life on Earth. All objects can be considered primary. The following properties are attributed to inanimate nature:
- They are in one of three aggregate states. There is also a fourth - plasma, but it is a separate element for reflection. Solid objects do not change their original shape, their molecules are densely arranged among themselves.
- They are strong and dense: soil, stones and mountains, sand, ice.
- The liquid state is variable, the molecules float, being in an indefinite form: mists, liquids, mercury. Gaseous objects: steam and air. The molecules are not connected in any way; they are in free flight.
- Representatives of inanimate nature do not change, they are not able to breathe, think, multiply.
- Changing sizes and shapes is only possible under the influence of external factors. Water exists in three states of aggregation: steam, liquid, and ice. Ice crystals gradually build up, stones grind off due to wind and water.
- They cannot die or be born. They cannot move independently; everything happens under the influence of the external environment.
Differences between inanimate nature and living
Inanimate nature differs from inanimate nature mainly in that it cannot be born or die. Reproduction is also the prerogative of wildlife, as is respiration, development and growth. The appearance of inanimate objects is caused by many factors, arising once, inanimate objects will not disappear on their own. Sometimes they can only go into another state of aggregation.
Stones gradually turn into dust and sand, water evaporates. However, despite the changes in form and decay, they do not cease to exist in nature.
Communications of animate and inanimate nature
Nature is around us, its objects are amazing. Living and inanimate nature together form the whole world. Nature was constantly studied, revealed patterns of interaction between living and non-living objects. Everything in the world is interconnected, after the death of living organisms, trace elements are formed that serve as a source of nutrition for plants. Without heat, as well as without water, the formation of life would be impossible.
Interconnection on the example of plants
Everything around us is closely interconnected. Plants receive sunlight, oxygen is produced during photosynthesis, and carbon dioxide is expelled. Everything is in constant balance. The plant’s nutritional processes also depend on the soil in which they grow. No wonder humus has always served as the best fertilizer. Plant useful substances are also obtained from water, and seeds are carried by the wind, spreading organisms throughout the nearest territory.
Interesting fact: Every year, plants are able to wake up only at certain times. Cutting tree branches in March, ahead of the buds, in favorable conditions and with good lighting, the development process will begin. Repeating this procedure in autumn will not lead to anything, the time has come for the plant to fall asleep for the winter and it does not intend to reproduce. This shows the presence of a certain mechanism by which trees live. The main guideline is the duration of light days. The lower it is, the tree is closer to hibernation.
The relationship of animals
Animals are also unable to live without food, water and oxygen. Hares feed on tree bark and grass, but they cannot live without water, they need to breathe constantly, and they cannot exist without solar heat and light. At certain times of the year, they can change their color, stock up on provisions. Rabbits also sleep at night.
Interesting fact: animals and people begin to breathe more and more in the spring. This can be explained by the fact that in winter there is a constant lack of oxygen, the plants are already in hibernation and the process of photosynthesis is suspended. As soon as the first leaves appear, it becomes warmer and sunnier, the body begins to wake up, strive for a complete restoration of lost strength. The lungs contract more often, trying to absorb as much as possible. Blood is saturated with oxygen and there is a rise in strength.
Living and inanimate nature in art
The value of nature is impossible not to see. People have always tried to capture the beauty of the world in their works. They deified natural phenomena, giving them human features and motives. Ancient people were well aware that it is possible to exist only in complete harmony with the world around us, without going beyond the limits of what is permitted.
Many great creators created paintings with natural landscapes, praised nature in odes, wrote poems about it. Many artists created special trends related to nature in their own art. New directions in painting began to appear - landscapes and still lifes, in which various objects of the living and nonliving world were depicted. It is important to love the world and nature, it is important for everyone, without it, our existence is impossible.
